Edvard Alexander Westermarck (1862–1939) was a Finnish philosopher and sociologist. He is best known for his work on the history of marriage, the origin and development of morality, and the sociology of religion. Westermarck was born in Helsinki, Finland, and studied at the University of Helsinki, where he received his doctorate in 1883. He then went on to teach at the University of Helsinki, the University of Turku, and the University of London. Westermarck's most famous work is The History of Human Marriage (1921), which is considered a classic in the field of anthropology. He also wrote several other books, including The Origin and Development of the Moral Ideas (1906–08), The Future of Marriage in Western Civilization (1932), and The Sociology of Religion (1912). Westermarck was a member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters and was awarded the Order of the White Rose of Finland in 1933. He died in 1939 in Helsinki.
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