Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) was a Russian revolutionary, communist theorist, and the first leader of the Soviet Union. He was born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov in Simbirsk, Russia, and studied law at Kazan University. He became involved in revolutionary activities in the 1890s, and was arrested and exiled several times. In 1903, he wrote the book What Is to Be Done?, which outlined his vision for a revolutionary party. In 1917, Lenin led the Bolshevik Revolution, which overthrew the Russian government and established the Soviet Union. He served as the first leader of the Soviet Union until his death in 1924. During his tenure, he implemented the New Economic Policy, which allowed some private enterprise, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which unified the Soviet states. He also wrote extensively on Marxist theory and philosophy.
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