Read "The Karens of Burma" by Harry I Marshall online for free on Textopian. Full text with search, annotations, highlights, and AI-powered reading aids.
The only part of Burma that can be called Karen country is that lying eastward from Toungoo. Here in the mountains the villages have never been dominated by their more powerful Burman neighbours and in several sections they retain their Karen names. In other sections they are known by Burmese names and show the influence of their having been overpowered at some time.
On the eastern slopes of the ranges which are dominated by Mt. Nattaung (called by the Karens _Thaw Thi_) are the three small independent states the chiefs of which are Karens. They belong to the Red Karen tribes and are called in Burmese Karen-ni. These states are Bawlekeh, Kyetpogyi and Kantarrawaddi and do not comprise a part of Burma politically except that they owe their security to the British Government with whom they have treaty relations established by the early Deputy Commissioners of Toungoo.