American Military History, Volume 2 by Richard W. Stewart

As the Army underwent its drastic postwar reduction, from 8 mil- lion men and 89 divisions in 1945 to 591,000 men and 10 divisions in 1950, it also underwent numerous structural changes. At the depart- ment level, General Eisenhower in 1946 had approved a reorganization that restored the General Staff to its prewar position. The principal adjustment involved the elimination of the very powerful Operations Division (OPD) from which General Marshall had controlled wartime operations.

Eisenhower brought back the prewar structure of the Gen- eral Staff with five coequal divisions under new names: Personnel and Administration; Intelligence; Organization and Training; Service, Sup- ply, and Procurement; and Plans and Operations. He also abolished the Headquarters, Army Service Forces, in 1946. The administrative and technical services formerly under that headquarters regained their prewar status as departmental agencies. In 1948 Eisenhower's successor, General Bradley, redesignated the Army Ground Forces as the Army Field Forces and restricted its responsibilities to education, training, doctrine, and the service test of new equipment.