The work critiques the concept of the "Dictatorship of the Proletariat" as proposed by Marxists, particularly in the context of the Bolshevik Revolution. It asserts that true anarchy, defined as "non-government," inherently opposes any form of dictatorship, including one purportedly representing the proletariat. The author argues that the Bolshevik interpretation of this dictatorship has led to a new form of government that contradicts the revolutionary ideals of worker empowerment and liberation. The text distinguishes between the revolutionary act of workers seizing control of production and the subsequent establishment of a party-led government that claims to represent the proletariat. It emphasizes that the latter often results in a dictatorship of a select few rather than the collective will of the working class. The author expresses concern that this new government, while initially formed to protect the revolution, may ultimately suppress it and create a new privileged class. Historical parallels are drawn to past revolutions, suggesting that the methods employed by Bolshevik leaders could lead to their downfall, similar to the fate of Robespierre during the French Revolution. The author acknowledges the complexity of the situation in Russia and the potential for misinterpretation of events, advocating for a cautious approach to judgment. Ultimately, the work calls for a clear understanding of the principles of anarchy and a rejection of any form of government that undermines the autonomy and freedom of the working class. It stresses the importance of maintaining revolutionary ideals without succumbing to the temptations of power that can corrupt the original goals of liberation and equality.
By Errico Malatesta · First published 1891 · Genre: Political Philosophy, Anarchism, Social Critique