National Temperaments

Name: National Temperaments
Author: Samuel Taylor Coleridge

The work explores the relationship between national temperaments and their corresponding cultural outputs, particularly in literature and oratory. It begins by categorizing various nations based on their preferred stimulants and dietary habits, linking these preferences to their artistic expressions. The English are characterized by a diet of beef and beer, which is seen as a source of stimulation, while the French are associated with more excitatory substances like nitrous oxide and champagne. The Austrians are described as favoring sedatives, and the Russians are linked to narcotics. The text then delves into the evolution of Greek oratory, contrasting the rich, connective style of earlier periods with the more fragmented and less passionate expressions of later writers during the Alexandrian era. It critiques the decline in the quality of Greek literature post-Demosthenes, suggesting that tyranny stifled true poetic genius, with only a few exceptions like Polybius and Theocritus. The author evaluates Latin poets, noting the attempts to emulate Greek styles and the failures of poets like Ennius, while praising Virgil for his judicious use of language. The analysis continues with reflections on other Latin poets, including Lucan, Statius, and Claudian, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The work acknowledges the transition from classical to modern thought, particularly in the context of Christian allegory replacing mythology in later poetry. The author expresses a critical view of certain poets, such as Propertius and Tibullus, while recognizing the potential in others like Persius and Prudentius. The text concludes with an appreciation for the beauty of specific lines from Hermesianax, emphasizing the enduring value of poetic expression across cultures and eras. Overall, the work presents a nuanced examination of how national characteristics influence literary styles and the evolution of poetic forms.

By Samuel Taylor Coleridge · First published 1829 · Genre: Literary Criticism, Philosophy, Historical Analysis · 811 words

First lines

The English affect stimulant nourishment -- beef and beer. The French, excitants, irritants -- nitrous oxide, alcohol, champagne. The Austrians, sedatives -- hyoscyamus. The Russians, narcotics -- opium, tobacco, and beng.

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National Temperaments is listed on Textopian as an essay by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, dated 1829 CE.

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Work type: Essay
Author: Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Date: 1829 CE
Language: English
Genres: Literary Criticism, Philosophy, Historical Analysis, Cultural Studies, Poetry
Length: 811 words
Structure: 1 section, 13 paragraphs
Reading fit: Standard (8th-9th Grade)

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Genres

Literary Criticism — The work analyzes and critiques various literary styles and figures, focusing on the evolution of language and poetic expression.
Philosophy — It explores the philosophical implications of language, culture, and artistic expression across different national temperaments.
Historical Analysis — The text examines historical contexts of literary figures and their works, providing insights into the cultural and political influences on literature.
Cultural Studies — It discusses the relationship between national characteristics and literary output, reflecting on how culture shapes artistic expression.